![]() However, severe infestations on or obvious damage to otherwise healthy trees are uncommon. Ĭottony cushion scale or mealy bugs, often protected and "herded" by ants, exude sticky, sweet honeydew, which can mildew leaves and be a minor annoyance by dripping on cars and furniture. In trials at the Sunshine Nursery, Oklahoma, the species was adjudged as having the best pest resistance of about 200 taxa However, foliage was regarded as only "somewhat resistant" to black spot by the Plant Diagnostic Clinic of the University of Missouri. It is also very resistant to the elm leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola, but has a moderate susceptibility to elm yellows. The Chinese elm is highly resistant, but not immune, to Dutch elm disease. This water-resistant wood easily takes most finishes and stains. It tends to be a "lively" wood, tending to warp and distort while drying. It steam-bends easily and holds screws well, but pilot holes and countersinking are needed. Like other woods with interlocking grain, planes should be kept extra sharp to prevent tearing at the grain margins. Chinese elm contains silica which is hard on planer knives and chainsaws, but it sands fairly easily. While it turns easily and will take a nice polish off the lathe without any finish, and it holds detail well, the fibrous wood is usually considered too tough for carving or hand tools. Unlike other elms, the freshly cut Chinese elm has a peppery or spicy odour. The grain is often handsome and dramatic. Ĭhinese elm heartwood ranges in tone from reddish-brown to light tan, while the sapwood approaches off-white. Most commercially milled lumber goes directly to manufacturers rather than to retail lumber outlets. Chinese elm lumber is used most for furniture, cabinets, veneer, hardwood flooring, and specialty uses such as longbow construction and tool handles. ![]() Chinese elm is said to be the best of all woods for chisel handles and similar uses due to its superior hardness, toughness, and resistance to splitting. Chinese elm is considered the hardest of the elms. Wood and timber Įlms, hickory, and ash all have remarkably hard, tough wood, making them popular for tool handles, bows, and baseball bats. It possesses a very rough, greyish-black appearance, while the Chinese elm's smooth bark becomes flaky and blotchy, exposing very distinctive, light-coloured mottling, hence the synonym lacebark elm for the real Chinese elm. The Siberian elm's bark becomes deeply ridged and furrowed with age, among other obvious differences. The two elms are very distinct and different species. This has given the true Chinese elm an undeserved bad reputation. Many nurserymen and foresters mistakenly refer to Ulmus pumila, the rapidly growing, disease-ridden, relatively short-lived, weak-wooded Siberian elm, as "Chinese elm". The trunk has a handsome, flaking bark of mottled greys with tans and reds, giving rise to its other common name, the lacebark elm, although scarring from major branch loss can lead to large, canker-like wounds. The samara is mostly glabrous, the seed at the centre or toward the apex, is borne on a stalk 1–3 mm in length it matures rapidly and disperses by late autumn. The fruit is a samara, elliptical to ovate-elliptical, 10–13 mm long by 6–8 mm broad. The apetalous wind-pollinated perfect flowers are produced in early autumn, small and inconspicuous. The leathery, lustrous green, single-toothed leaves are small, 2–5 cm long by 1–3 cm broad, and often retained as late as December or even January in Europe and North America. Description Ī small to medium deciduous or semideciduous (rarely semi evergreen) tree, it grows to 10–18 m (33–59 ft) tall and 15–20 m (49–66 ft) wide with a slender trunk and crown. The tree was introduced to the UK in 1794 by James Main, who collected in China for Gilbert Slater of Low Layton, Essex. It has been described as "one of the most splendid elms, having the poise of a graceful Nothofagus". Ulmus parvifolia, commonly known as the Chinese elm or lacebark elm, is a species native to eastern Asia, including China, India, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.
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